Farm Bill

Boozman Details Senate Republican Farm Bill Framework

WASHINGTON— U.S. Senator John Boozman (R-AR), ranking member of the U.S. Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, detailed how the recently released Republican farm bill framework puts “more farm in the farm bill” and how it can be used as the basis for a bipartisan path forward in a speech on the Senate floor. 

“We believe that our framework reflects the chamber’s shared commitments across all twelve titles while putting more farm in the farm bill, something we’ve been calling for since the onset,” Boozman said. “Our farmers, ranchers, foresters, consumers, lenders and other stakeholders helped us fashion a farm bill that meets their varying needs. It’s a delicate balance… …but on the agriculture committee, we have shown we can come together to carry these heavy lifts across the finish line.”

The following are Boozman’s remarks as prepared:

Mr. President, 

Prior to breaking for the Memorial Day recess, the House Agriculture Committee did something few beltway pundits thought was possible.

The committee approved, in a bipartisan manner, a farm bill that meets the needs of farmers, ranchers, foresters, rural communities and consumers across America.

I commend Chairman GT Thompson for his stewardship of this bill through an open process that let every committee member have a say in the bill.

Likewise, I want to express my appreciation for each of the members that voted to advance this legislation out of committee.

Chairwoman Stabenow also recently released her farm bill framework, putting the Senate Majority’s priorities on paper and advancing the discussion forward.

Cumulatively, these efforts exhibit the first real progress toward passage of a new farm bill since the process began two years ago.

This week, Republicans on the agriculture committee are building on that momentum by releasing our farm bill framework.

We believe that our framework reflects the chamber’s shared commitments across all twelve titles while putting more farm in the farm bill, something we’ve been calling for since the onset.

And let’s talk about what that means.

It means we direct additional resources to the tools farmers rely upon -- and they are calling for us to invest in -- while ensuring we do no harm to our nutrition programs, which account for over eighty percent of the bill’s baseline spending. 

For example, we double funding for the farm bill’s premiere trade programs to help increase our competitiveness overseas.

This is desperately needed considering we are projected to see a record $32 billion agricultural trade deficit this year.

U.S. farmers have been able to point to their positive trade balance in agriculture as a source of pride for the better part of the last 50 years as they worked to feed, clothe and fuel the world.

Unfortunately, this administration’s refusal to engage on the issue has created an agricultural trade imbalance that is projected to reach record heights and is showing no signs of slowing.

Our framework can help reverse this unsustainable trend.

Another area where we double funding is agricultural research.

Our public-sector investment in agricultural research lags other developed economies and has fallen by more than a third over the past two decades.

This is another concerning trend that our framework can help reverse.

Agricultural research programs spur innovation and productivity -- allowing farmers to produce more while using less and in an environmentally friendly manner, even as threats from pests, diseases and unpredictable weather become more common. 

Not only do our farmers gain in the long-term, but our land-grant institutions and colleges of agriculture who conduct groundbreaking research see immediate benefits— a win-win investment.

We also make a historic investment in the conservation title while ensuring programs remain locally-led and flexible.

Farmers, ranchers and foresters have diverse conservation needs and our framework reflects that, providing equity across practices to address drought, water quality, wildlife habitat biodiversity, soil erosion and climate resiliency while continuing to provide for carbon sequestrating and greenhouse gas reducing practices.

Our framework increases funding in the conservation title by more than 25% every single year moving forward while making sure its programs continue to empower producers to make the best decisions to meet the resource concerns of their operation.  

Our farmers, ranchers and foresters also need investments in the communities they call home, and our framework makes those too.

It is no secret that rural America has seen more than its share of difficulties over the past few years.

Recent census data shows over half the nation’s rural counties have lost population.

These communities must have the modern infrastructure necessary to attract and retain talent.

Our framework offers help by making significant investments in small business development, broadband expansion, water and energy infrastructure programs, as well as funds to increase access to rural healthcare, childcare and public safety.

Most importantly, putting more farm in the farm bill requires a modernized farm safety net. 

We accomplish this by giving producers access to risk management tools that reflect the nature of the challenges under which they operate.

And as I’ve stressed before, this isn’t an either-or decision—meaning farmers won’t be forced to choose between crop insurance and vital Title One programs.

Our framework makes crop insurance more accessible and affordable and makes meaningful increases to statutory reference prices for all producers, of all commodities, in every region.

The safety net programs our farmers operate under right now are outdated.

We cannot consider a farm bill that fails to recognize and protect farmers from the historic inflation in input costs they now face on the farm.

The world, and agriculture in particular, are in a much different place today than they were during the last farm bill.

Farmers are already experiencing unprecedented challenges and economic uncertainty for the crops they are sowing into the ground right now.

This follows historic inflation, a record trade deficit, rising interest rates, devastating natural disasters, and geopolitical unrest that have shrunk the bottom line for farmers.

Under this President, U.S. farmers have seen the largest decline in farm income of all time.

And like I said, that is only expected to get worse if we fail to put more farm in the farm bill.

In my home state of Arkansas, where agriculture accounts for about a quarter of the state’s GDP, inflation adjusted net farm income is expected to decline by more than 40% compared to 2 years ago. 

This trend is playing out across the nation, which is why reference price increases have been the top ask from farmers at the over twenty farm bill roundtables my colleagues and I have held around the country. 

While each of these states have diverse agriculture economies, the refrain has been consistent. 

In fact, it was at one of my earliest roundtables in North Dakota where the mantra of “more farm in the farm bill” was born. 

It wasn’t a Republican senator who first said it.

It was a plea from a farmer. 

And that is what this is truly about.

Our farmers, ranchers, foresters, consumers, lenders and other stakeholders helped us fashion a farm bill that meets their varying needs.

It’s a delicate balance made even more difficult this time around by the way actions taken outside of the farm bill have impacted our baseline. 

But on the agriculture committee we have shown we can come together to carry these heavy lifts across the finish line.

I have been proud to partner with Chairwoman Stabenow to shepherd significant reforms into law on priority issues, particularly in the climate and nutrition spaces.

Together, we worked to enact the Growing Climate Solutions Act, making it easier for producers to participate in emerging voluntary carbon credit markets.

And we passed that bill with the support of over ninety of our colleagues.

In the nutrition space, we worked to pass the Keep Kids Fed Act which extended needed flexibilities to schools and meal providers for an additional year at a time when supply chain breakdowns persisted and food costs soared because of inflation. 

Perhaps the achievement I am most proud of was our successful effort to modernize the outdated summer meals program to reach more food-insecure children, in both rural and urban communities, filling the gap children face during the months when classes are out.  

Marking the first substantial reform to the summer meals program in over sixty years, this investment of over $20 billion ensures that children will never again face hunger in the summer months.

That is what our work here is all about.

Identifying a problem, and then coming together to solve it. 

We’ve proven we can do that in the past.

I believe, with all my heart, that we can do it again by passing a bipartisan farm bill.

 

I look forward to taking our two frameworks, forging a bipartisan farm bill and passing it into law before the 118th session of Congress comes to a close.

Two Farm Bill proposals boost reference prices

By Mary Hightower
U of A System Division of Agriculture

LITTLE ROCK — Despite their differences, the Farm Bill proposals led by U.S. Rep. Glenn "GT" Thompson and U.S. Sen. Debbie Stabenow both contain some first-in-a-decade updates to critical farm safety net programs.

Thompson, of Pennsylvania, is chair of the House Committee on Agriculture, and Stabenow, of Michigan, chairs the Senate Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Committee. Each has led separate efforts to write the 2024 Farm Bill. On Thursday, the House ag committee was marking up Thompson’s version, the Farm, Food and National Security Act of 2024. Stabenow released the Rural Prosperity and Food Security Act on May 1.  

FARM BILL — Extension economist Hunter Biram offers insights on the new Farm Bill proposals in the House and Senate. (U of A System Division of Agriculture photo)

The Farm Bill is important to farmers for the safety nets it provides in an industry subject to the whims of weather, war and trade. The Farm Bill is also important to funding the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP, which provides a food safety net for low-income families.

The United States is currently working from the 2018 Farm Bill, which has been extended through Sept. 30.

In hearings over the last two years, farmers have sought a number of changes including higher reference prices and stronger safety nets for specialty crop farmers.

Reference prices determine when farm subsidies are triggered under programs such as Price Loss Coverage, or PLC. If a market price for a covered commodity falls below that reference price, farmers receive PLC payments.

Hunter Biram, extension economist for the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, said on Thursday that the current reference prices were set in 2014. Much has happened in the decade since then: COVID, supply chain issues, Ukraine and the Middle East, not to mention disastrous weather.

Biram also said purchasing power has eroded since 2014 and the cost of crop production including inputs such as fuel, fertilizer and management tools, have increased over the decade.

“When the 2014 Farm Bill was written in 2013, we saw the index for input prices paid were around the same as the index for prices farmers received,” he said. “Since 2013, we have seen a divergence in the input price paid index being greater than the price received index, with the widest gaps being from 2014 to 2020.”

While higher reference prices are common to both proposals, “I would say the Thompson-led version is more aggressive on the farm safety net,” Biram said. “The Stabenow-led proposal is more aggressive on changes for risk protection for specialty crop producers.” The Thompson proposal includes a 10-20% in statutory reference prices while the Stabenow proposal allows for at least a 5% increase in statutory reference prices.

The Thompson proposal would increase Agriculture Risk Coverage, or ARC, coverage from 86 percent to 90 percent. The Stabenow proposal would increase ARC coverage from 86 percent to 88 percent.

Both ARC and PLC were first authorized under the 2014 Farm Bill.

Biram also said both versions the House and Senate both increase affordability and enhance risk protection for products with county-level triggers, such as Supplemental Coverage Option, or SCO. SCO provides additional coverage for a portion of a producer’s underlying crop insurance policy deductible. Producers must buy it as an endorsement to either the Yield Protection, Revenue Protection, or Revenue Protection with the Harvest Price Exclusion policies.

“The premium subsidy rate across all the coverage levels for the Supplemental Coverage Option have increased from 65 percent to 80 percent so farmers will pay 15 percent less of the actuarially fair premium under both proposals,” he said.

For specialty crop farmers — those who grow fruits, nuts and nursery crops including flowers — the Stabenow-led bill streamlines the application process and enhances coverage quality in Whole-Farm Revenue Protection, Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program and the Micro Farm Program, Biram said.

Will there be a Farm Bill in 2024?

“It’s an election year. There are 34 Senate seats and every seat in the House is up for election and you may have heard, there’s a presidential election too,” Biram said. “Once the election has finished, we’ll see more progress. I’m more optimistic that we will see a Farm Bill in 2025 than I was before, but 2024 is, I think, very unrealistic.”

See related stories:

To learn about extension programs in Arkansas, contact your local Cooperative Extension Service agent or visit www.uaex.uada.edu. Follow us on X and Instagram at @AR_Extension. To learn more about Division of Agriculture research, visit the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station website: https://aaes.uada.edu. Follow on X at @ArkAgResearch. To learn more about the Division of Agriculture, visit https://uada.edu/. Follow us on X at @AgInArk.

We need more ‘FARM’ in the Farm Bill

by Dan Wright (dan.wright@arfb.com)

As president of Arkansas Farm Bureau, I have the privilege of seeing Arkansas’s diverse agriculture industry from a front-row seat. I also understand many of the challenges facing our state’s largest industry, and our ability to feed much of the world continues to be the most pressing issue. The passage of a federal “Farm Bill” is critical to the stability of agriculture in Arkansas and across the nation.

We recently traveled with roughly 40 county Farm Bureau leaders to Washington, D.C. One of the key messages to our Congressional delegation was the need to update the Farm Bill to consider the current and projected economic conditions facing farmers and ranchers. Over the past few years, with weather patterns changing and higher input costs, the producer’s risk seem to increase and profit margins grow tighter with every growing season.

Net farm income across Arkansas is expected to be down by $500 million by the end of 2024, according to the Rural & Farm Finance Policy Analysis Center. The report cites a 15 percent decline in net farm incomes in 2023 and a projected 25 percent drop in 2024. Not many family businesses can take that sort of loss and keep their doors open. Arkansas farmers are no exception. The assurances provided by the Farm Bill are needed to keep many of our family farms in business.

We need more ‘FARM’ in the Farm Bill

Attorney General Griffin calls on Congress to affirm State's authority to ban or regulate intoxicating and dangerous Delta THC products

“Arkansas has banned Delta THC products, but inconsistent court interpretations of certain provisions within the federal Farm Bill have led to challenges in Arkansas and many other states across the country. Meanwhile, these harmful products are available in convenience stores with no age restrictions for purchasing them. They’re often packaged to look like candy or mimic popular snack-food brands, so of course they are getting into the hands of children.

“This easy access and use of enticing packaging has led to more minors ingesting these unregulated and dangerous products, leading to seizures, loss of consciousness, and even death. That’s why Congress needs to create uniformity in the next five-year Farm Bill reauthorization and make clear that states have full authority to regulate and even ban these types of products.

“I am grateful to Indiana Attorney General Todd Rokita for co-leading this letter with me and to the full bipartisan group of attorneys general who signed on. Protecting our children has to be our highest priority regardless of party affiliation.”

The 2018 Farm Bill reintroduced hemp as an agricultural commodity while maintaining federal prohibitions on cannabis products. However, bad actors have exploited the 2018 Farm Bill’s definition of hemp to introduce products that are intoxicating and are harming children.

Griffin and Rokita were joined by the attorneys general of California, Colorado, Connecticut, the District of Columbia, Georgia, Hawaii, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Tennessee, Virginia and Washington.

To read the letter, click here.

For a printer-friendly version, click here.

Arkansas farmers urge Congress to protect conservation funding

KUAR | By Daniel Breen

Farmers in Arkansas are urging Congress to make permanent funding for conservation programs under the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 dedicated just under $20 billion to the USDA’s Natural Resources Conservation Service, or NRCS. Now, growers are calling on lawmakers to include that funding in the reauthorization of the large multi-year spending package known as the Farm Bill.

Jared Phillips is a professor at the University of Arkansas, and raises sheep at his farm in the Northwest Arkansas city of Lincoln. He says the funding, of which Arkansas received $724 million, helped him sustain and preserve his natural resources for future use.

Arkansas farmers urge Congress to protect conservation funding

Fred Miller/UA Division Of Agriculture

Corn research plots at the Milo J. Shult Agricultural Research and Extension Center in Fayetteville, Ark. on July 8, 2022.

Drought, delay of Farm Bill lead agri headlines in 2023

by George Jared (gjared@talkbusiness.net)

Drought, the federal Farm Bill, foreign ownership of agriculture land and the Waters of the United States (WOTUS) dominated agriculture headlines in Northeast Arkansas during the 2023 growing season.

For a second consecutive year, severe, extreme and exceptional drought afflicted many areas along the Mississippi River with more than 65 percent of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas having some form of drought in September.

Drought was a double-edged sword for Arkansas growers. On the plus side, drought helped suppress crop diseases and speed harvesting. On the downside, the water-starved Mississippi River dropped to its lowest level ever at Memphis on Oct. 17, to minus 12.04 feet. Recent rains along its length in early December prompted a forecast rise to more than 3 feet by Dec. 18, followed by another drop into the negative numbers.

Drought, delay of Farm Bill lead agri headlines in 2023

U.S Senator John Boozman said regional differences, inflation a challenge to crafting the farm bill

KUAR | By Ronak Patel

In an interview with Arkansas PBS, Arkansas’ U.S Senator John Boozman, said the extension lawmakers have received to work out the details of the upcoming farm bill has been helpful. The farm bill is legislation that has to be renewed every 5 years and it deals with farm programs like crop insurance, as well food programs like food stamps.

Boozman, a Republican, said part of the challenge of creating a farm bill is the regional differences of lawmakers.

“Southern agriculture is distinct front the I’s- Indiana, Illinois and Iowa. The I- states are very different. We [southern states] are able to irrigate with a lot of water so we can produce the crop and the fertilizer. We worry about the price going down because of how much it grows,” Boozman said. “In the Midwest, they don’t have as much water. They don’t irrigate as much. They worry about not having the crop.”

U.S Senator John Boozman said regional differences, inflation a challenge to crafting the farm bill

Fred Miller/UA Division Of Agriculture

Corn research plots at the Milo J. Shult Agricultural Research and Extension Center in Fayetteville, Ark. on July 8, 2022.

U.S Rep. Rick Crawford gives update on the Farm Bill reauthorization process

KUAR | By Ronak Patel

Every five years, Congress has to reauthorize the Farm Bill, which is legislation that plays a large role in regulating agriculture programs and programs like the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP).

In an interview with Arkansas Week, U.S Rep. Rick Crawford, Republican of Arkansas’ 1st District, said Congress’ inability to get a spending plan is making it challenging to get the 2023 Farm Bill passed.

“I’m very well versed in what it takes to get a farm bill passed and I don’t think we’re there right now. If I can be quite candid, our best case scenario at this point is probably filing an extension,” he said. “The Farm Bill is different, that's why we only do it every five years.”

U.S Rep. Rick Crawford gives update on the Farm Bill reauthorization process (ualrpublicradio.org)

Fred Miller/UA Division Of Agriculture

Corn research plots at the Milo J. Shult Agricultural Research and Extension Center in Fayetteville, Ark. on July 8, 2022.

Farm bills seek to steer younger Arkansans into agriculture

by Ronak Patel (rspatel.personal@gmail.com)

Rep. Julie Mayberry, R-Hensley, and Rep. Denise Garner, D-Fayetteville, have introduced a bill aimed at addressing the challenges young farmers face entering the profession.

According to House Bill 1003, an income tax credit would be available for farmers who sell or rent agricultural assets to a beginning farmer. Agricultural assets include land, livestock, facilities, buildings and machinery.

In an interview, Mayberry said the bill was sponsored in the previous legislative session by former Rep. Joe Jett, R-Success, but failed to make it out of the House Revenue and Taxation Committee.

https://talkbusiness.net/2023/03/farm-bills-seek-to-steer-younger-arkansans-into-agriculture/

Farm Bill listening session draws interest from southeast Arkansas farmers, businesses

By Lon Tegels
College of Forestry, Agriculture and Natural Resources
University of Arkansas at Monticello

MONTICELLO, Ark.— The University of Arkansas at Monticello’s Agriculture auditorium was near capacity on Feb. 21 as farmers, businessmen, bankers, educators, and other stakeholders gathered for a listening session on the 2023 Farm Bill.

The session was aimed at giving the public an opportunity to air their views and provide input on what should be included in the new farm legislation. The listening session featured U.S. Sen. John Boozman and U.S. Rep. Bruce Westerman, who listened to the seven panelists discuss their views on various topics, including crop insurance, conservation programs, rural development, agricultural research, and nutrition assistance programs. Much of the meeting was filled with suggestions for the Farm Bill from the audience.

Matthew Pelkki addresses the panel at the Farm Bill listening session on Feb. 21, 2023, at UA-Monticello. (UA-Monticello photo by Lon Tegels).

The panelists represented diverse professions, including Jim Whitaker-Rice Producer, Wes Kirkpatrick-Soybean Producer, Jason Felton-Cotton and Peanut Producer, Jeffery Hall-Crop Insurance, Grant Pace-Arkansas Forestry, Sam Angel II- AR Ag Board, Rural Impact of Agriculture. Additionally, educators were present to discuss the shortage of veterinarians in the state and how funding from the Farm Bill could help attract more people to the field. Another professor talked about the need to allow logging truckers without the current two-year apprenticeship to obtain driving insurance. One topic that elicited a lot of discussion was the challenges of the H2A visa program.

The Farm Bill, also known as the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, is a comprehensive legislative package that sets the policies and priorities for the nation's agriculture and nutrition programs. The Farm Bill is renewed every five years, and the next one is due in 2023. As part of the process of creating the new bill, a series of listening sessions are being hosted across the country to gather public input on what should be included in the legislation.

In his remarks, Boozman noted that farmers are facing unprecedented challenges.

“I think that the real take-away from this meeting is just re-emphasizing the fact that farmers are in a difficult situation right now. With the high interest rates that have gone up so dramatically in the last year or two and then along that their high input costs, the cost of fertilizer, the almost doubling of the cost of diesel,” Boozman said, “Commodity prices have gone up some, but not enough to cover the overhead costs, and you always worry about the impact of costs staying up, and the commodity prices falling.” 

He added, “we need to make sure that we put the safety nets in place so that they can go to the bank and get the loans they need to continue on.” 

Boozman stressed that the issues faced by farmers in Arkansas are similar to those faced by farmers across the country.

“Safety nets are essential to enable farmers to continue their operations, and the Farm Bill should focus on improving the quality of life in rural America by investing in hospitals, schools, water systems, and broadband infrastructure. The visa program that allows farmers to bring in migrant workers to help with chores on the farm while picking crops was singled out as one of the most effective programs, given the labor shortage faced by farmers,” he said.

Stephen Carter operates Royal Seed Farms. He described that a problem with the current Farm Bill is hiring workers on the visa H2A program.  He said, “there is simply too much red tape to hire workers at a time when there is no local pool of labor to recruit.

Carter said he would like to see one H2A contract with staggered entry dates to accommodate seasonal crops.

Boozman doesn’t disagree. 

“Today they talked about making it such that, those workers, who are doing this repeatedly, we know that they've done a good job, we know that they've kept out of trouble, that their background checks were sufficient. Why not make that so they don’t have to do that every year for those workers?  Not only not only helps the farmer and it makes it more efficient, but those people that are doing all duplicating those services, they can do something else on the border that would be more productive.” 

Carter, who produces a variety of crops including tomatoes and cucumbers, said he was "concerned about protecting the markets that we have right here in the United States. We have tomatoes, cucumbers, bell peppers and it's making the shift; some of these other countries like Canada and Mexico are shipping so many tomatoes. It used to be anywhere you looked, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes in Southeast Arkansas. Now we are having to look at cucumbers, bell peppers and other crops because the Canadian governments are subsidizing their greenhouses farmers heavily. They're able to produce their product, ship it down here to the United States and sell it cheaper than we can grow and ship it right here close to home.” 

Representing the Arkansas Agriculture Board, Sam Angel II spoke to Boozman about the impact the Farm Bill has on rural areas. “There's not a retail business in our communities that is not impacted by forestry, poultry, and row crops, from feed and seed to fertilizer to the nail shop. They're all impacted by agriculture. Those dollars are generated and driven into our communities.” 

Westerman, who joined Boozman on the panel, clearly offered his support to rural Arkansas. 

This is about rural America. I’d say the divide in our country is probably more urban than rural than it even is Republican and Democrat right now," he said. "And we've got to make sure that our rural interests are protected across this country, or else the whole country is going to suffer greatly.”  

The listening session provided a platform for the panelists and attendees to raise issues and voice their concerns. UAM Assistant Professor Rocky Lindsey addressed the changing demographics in his animal science and pre-vet classrooms. “It’s becoming more female in my classroom. Minorities are coming on board,” Lindsey told Boozman.   Dr. Lindsey told the panel, “I consider the changing demographic a win for UAM. We have more job offerings than we have students graduating to fill those jobs, so, we need to continue to promote the importance of agriculture education here at UAM."

University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff forester Joe Friend told thanked Boozman for the Environmental Quality Incentive Program  — EQIP — funding in the current Farm Bill but would like to see it expanded.

Friend said, “EQIP helps minority forestry landowners with establishing a sustainable stand of timber on their property.

"Many minority landowners didn’t realize that their land had value. They just owned the land,” Friend said, “We're helping them establish a stand of timber so they can realize income off of the property.” 

Matthew Pelkki, Director of the Arkansas Center for Forest Business, believes the Farm Bill could address a front-line issue for the forestry industry.

Pelkki told Boozman that insurance for loggers is a huge issue. “We really need to look at log truck drivers as producers. Right now, we can't get a log truck driver insured until they’ve got two years' experience. So, while we talked about crop insurance being critical to farm producers, insurance for log truck drivers is really crucial to forestry production.”  

 Pelkki also offered ways to make forestry more profitable not only in SE Arkansas but the nation.  

Pelkki said, “carbon sequestration markets don't allow us to take credit for wood in buildings and other products built of wood, such as furniture, cabinets, and wood flooring. We only can sell carbon that's in living trees, so it's really missing the boat in southern forestry where we are producing 60 percent of the lumber in the nation and our production cycle is too short to get credit in a carbon market that requires at least 30 years of carbon sequestration. We are producing our trees in less than 30 years.

Another opportunity Pelkki wants addressed in the Farm Bill is the use of wood pellets. He suggested to Boozman that more wood pellets should be used for energy.

“It’s highly recognized that we need markets for small diameter timber," Pelkki said. "The technology to pelletize trees and co-fire pellets with coal. We can immediately green up coal-fired power plants just as they have done in the United Kingdom. At the same time as we're greening our power, we're improving the health of our forest by removing small diameter trees from overstocked forests."

 Boozman said, “Agriculture is so important in Arkansas; it's about 25 percent  of our economy. But when you get outside of any town of any size, it's probably 85 or 90 percent of the economy.  We need to make sure they [farmers] can get the loans that they need, that they can have some economic certainty as they continue to do such a good job of providing a safe, affordable food supply for us. 

Boozman says he plans to hold two more listening meetings on the Farm Bill later in the month.

Shipman: Delayed budget could influence development of 2023 Farm Bill

By Mary Hightower
U of A System Division of Agriculture

Uncertainty over President Biden’s budget and whether Congress can achieve true bipartisan agreement are among the challenges facing the 2023 Farm Bill, said Hunt Shipman, principal and director of Cornerstone Government Affairs.

Shipman expects that the good working relationship between Senate Ag Committee Chair Debbie Stabenow and ranking member Sen. John Boozman will help development of the Farm Bill.

The current Farm Bill expires Sept. 30.

“Every Farm Bill is important, and this one is no exception, but it faces unique headwinds in Congress,” Harrison Pittman, director of the National Agricultural Law Center, said. “The outcome will define what the farm safety net will look like in the coming years, which impacts farming operations, lenders, and others throughout the ag industry.”

The Farm Bill was among a spectrum of topics Shipman addressed in “Looking Ahead: Impact of the 2022 Elections on Ag Law and Policy,” a webinar hosted by the National Agricultural Law Center in January.

The president isn’t expected to submit his budget to Congress until March 9. By statute, the budget is due the first Monday in February.

Shipman said the delay “may also influence the timing of the ‘23 Farm Bill being able to truly get underway.”

In an email after the webinar, Shipman said “the desire by some in Congress to cut spending will require some negotiation among the House, Senate and White House to reach an overall spending agreement that likely includes a debt ceiling increase. That agreement will be necessary for the ag committees know exactly what they've got to work with.”

Oversight
In addition to timing, budget oversight will be a major issue for Congress, and Shipman cited rural broadband efforts as an example.

“As we think about other areas that have been of interest in past Farm Bills — rural development, broadband — continues to be a focus,” he said. “If you look at some of the analyses that have been done, there are 133 broadband programs administered by federal agencies … that have spent well over $115 billion to ostensibly expand broadband access in the country.”

Shipman said there’s talk about additional broadband support in the next Farm Bill and expects “close scrutiny as to whether or not the dollars that have been already allocated for that have been spent wisely and in the most efficient manner possible.”

Additionally, “I don't think it's going to get easier to write a Farm Bill in 2024 with an election year looming over us,” he said. “But we've done it in the past, and we may do it again this time.”

Working together

Two factors that may encourage moving the Farm Bill forward are the members of the congressional agriculture committees and the impending retirement of Sen. Debbie Stabenow of Michigan, chair of the Senate Agriculture Committee.

“We’ve got the same four leaders of the agriculture committee that we had in the last Congress just changing roles on the House side, with G.T. Thompson of Pennsylvania taking over as chair, and Sen. Stabenow remains chair of the Agriculture Committee in the Senate, and then the ranking member, it’s Sen. (John) Boozman from Arkansas,” Shipman said.

“After much of the negotiation that happened in the last Congress, I think for them to work together, they now know each other well and hopefully will be able to move forward for a Farm Bill,” he said. “Whether or not there can be true bipartisan agreement on that … we have the foundation for that between Sen. Stabenow and Sen. Boozman.”

Shipman also said that Stabenow announced that she won’t seek re-election in 2024.

“This will be her last Farm Bill,” he said. “I think that’s important to note because she has certainly made her mark on previous Farm Bills and I think she will definitely want to leave with an impactful role on the Ag Committee.”

Shipman also fielded questions about nutrition and insurance programs, as well as industrial hemp.

 To learn about extension programs in Arkansas, contact your local Cooperative Extension Service agent or visit www.uaex.uada.edu. Follow us on Twitter and Instagram at @AR_Extension. To learn more about Division of Agriculture research, visit the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station website: https://aaes.uada.edu. Follow on Twitter at @ArkAgResearch. To learn more about the Division of Agriculture, visit https://uada.edu/. Follow us on Twitter at @AgInArk.

Congress urged to strengthen price, revenue supports, crop insurance programs at Farm Bill listening session

By Mary Hightower
U of A System Division of Agriculture

MONTICELLO, Ark. — Farmers urged Congress strengthen price and revenue support programs, take a new look at crop insurance and streamline the way for migrant labor during a Farm Bill listening session held Tuesday at the University of Arkansas at Monticello.

Sen. John Boozman responds to a comment from the audience at a Farm Bill listening session Feb. 21, 2023 at the University of Arkansas at Monticello. To Boozman's right are Jim Whitaker, Wes Kirkpatrick and Jason Felton. (U of A System Division of Agriculture photo by Mary Hightower)

The listening session, one of two held this week by U.S. Sen. John Boozman, ranking member of the Senate Agriculture Committee, drew a standing-room-only crowd to UAM’s agriculture building. On Monday, Boozman held a hearing at the University of Arkansas at Fort Smith and said later there would be sessions in all four of Arkansas’ Congressional districts.

The listening sessions are important because “the solutions to the problems seem to come from our producers and the people directly related” to agriculture, Boozman said. “We’re working really hard to hear from them so we can come up with a good process.”

Tuesday’s session featured a panel that represented row crop farmers, the timber industry, insurance, banking and community issues. Sharing the front table with Boozman and the panelists was U.S. Rep. Bruce Westerman.

Jim Whitaker, a rice grower from McGehee, said “Americans are realizing that food security is national security” and supporting the rice industry “is a worthy investment.”

“The Farm Bill, specifically Price Loss Coverage, is really our true safety net,” Whitaker said, adding that PLC levels the playing field among highly subsidized global competitors. “U.S. farm families cannot compete in such a distorted market.”

PLC provides payments if a commodity price falls below a reference price set in the Farm Bill. ARC, or Agriculture Risk Coverage, provides payments if crop revenue falls below a guaranteed level.  While both can help farmers when the markets don’t run in their favor, they are not crop insurance programs.

“With ARC and PLC, you don’t pay a premium,” said Hunter Biram, extension economist for the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture. “Insurance is a risk transfer. For example, when you and I buy car insurance, we’re paying a company to take on the risk, so we don’t incur the full loss of not having a car.

“With crop insurance, a farmer is going to pay a premium to transfer the risk,” Biram said.

Wes Kirkpatrick, a soy, cotton and corn farmer from Desha County, also urged continued support of PLC and ARC.

“Those programs should also be continued, but I also think the reference prices used in those may need to be re-evaluated because of the increases in input costs — drastic increases,” Kirkpatrick said.

Biram said only Congress can change the reference prices.

Conservation programs

Whitaker and Kirkpatrick also sought more support for conservation programs for farmers. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, through its Natural Resources Conservation Service, works with farmers to improve conservation efforts on their working lands through programs such as EQIP, or the Environmental Quality Incentives Program, and CSP, the Conservation Stewardship Program.

Because of the expense of implementing conservation efforts on farms, “we believe Congress should prioritize working lands like CSP, EQIP or set-aside programs,” Whitaker said.

Kirkpatrick said not only would he like to see continued funding, but also “we’d really like to see increases.”

Crop insurance

“The crop insurance component of the Farm Bill is where I think most of the work needs to be focused on … so that we have a crop insurance program that works for everybody,” Kirkpatrick said.

The multi-peril insurance plan he purchased provided no help following two floods in 2021. His farm did get help through a replant policy, which was an additional expense. To make things worse, disaster relief payments from those floods were tied to crop insurance settlements, which Kirkpatrick did not get.

“We probably could’ve bought an insurance policy that would have covered us during the flood event, but it likely would’ve been more expensive than what we could afford,” he said.

Kirkpatrick cited an example of the differences between crop insurance prices in the South vs. the Midwest.

“For the same policy, the premium per acre is 5.5 times higher in Desha County than it is in McLean County, Illinois. I think that is where we need to have conversation about some crop insurance,” he said.

“What we do know is that premium rates are calculated based on county-level loss history," Biram said. “Based on this fact, the reason the premium rates are higher in Arkansas and the Mississippi Delta region is because there are more losses in this area relative to the Midwest. The real question is what drives the losses, and can we do anything about it?”

Timber needs new markets

Grant Pace, who represented the timber industry said, “The most important thing is that we need new markets. With 95 percent of our current consumers outside the U.S., I think the new Farm Bill presents a great opportunity for us to fund more research on how our industry can expand current markets.

“We are growing about 23 million more tons a year than we’re harvesting. Without new markets, we’re kind of dead in the water,” Pace said.

Several people said farmers struggled to get labor to their farms and noted that the H2A visa process is becoming more difficult.

“Unfortunately, it is very difficult for our farmers and our loggers to find help,” said Mark Tiner of Union Bank, which works closely with agricultural interests.

“We need immigration reform to make it easier for people who are coming to the country to work,” he said.

Not a one-size-fits all Farm Bill

“Farm Bills aren’t about Republicans and Democrats. It’s all about different regions of the country and different commodities,” Boozman said. “I think the important thing is to make sure that it's not a one-size-fits-all. It just doesn't work that way.

“The good news is that I think Congress really wants to get a Farm Bill. I think they realize how important it is to rural America,” he said.

“The idea that we are dealing with a very, very different situation than we have in the past Farm Bills, with the nature of inflation, these high input rates, which never seem to go down, but commodity prices probably will and so, as a result, it’s just trying to put that all together,” Boozman said.

To learn about extension programs in Arkansas, contact your local Cooperative Extension Service agent or visit www.uaex.uada.edu. Follow us on Twitter and Instagram at @AR_Extension. To learn more about Division of Agriculture research, visit the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station website: https://aaes.uada.edu/. Follow on Twitter at @ArkAgResearch. To learn more about the Division of Agriculture, visit https://uada.edu/. Follow us on Twitter at @AgInArk.